Special issue: Navigation World 2008 No. 3 – October 21 st , 2008 Mapping is an ancient craft, with two early map makers, Mercator and Ortelius, providing much of the foundation for the mapping profession. ●● ●● DIGITAL MAPS & LBS // Over the last two decades, mapping has been extensively transformed by advances in computers and information systems. Today, map data, also referred to as spatial data (data that references locations) are the fuel for location-enabled applications. With robust map data underpinning their software applications, users can view maps and do much more: ❯ Plot a route to a destination ❯ Sort categories by time and distance from the user's location ❯ Dynamically modify a route to avoid obstructions ❯ Pinpoint the locations of fleet vehicles, and dispatch the nearest vehicle or the one most likely to arrive first Business and Innovation Magazine news for Satellite Navigation 5 From Mercator to digitalisation Peter Beaumont, Marketing Director for Enterprise EMEA at NAVTEQ will chair the session on Digital Maps on October 21 st , 3:30 pm–5:30 pm. Posting and tagging with bits of information has become very common in the digital world and similar behaviour is slowly catching on in the real world too. The possibility of tagging in the real world forms a link between the two worlds and will increase effectiveness, utility, and profitability. If such an application that enables users to set up virtual (visual) placeholders in the physical world is available, then imagine how the communication scenario would be with respect to social networks and commercial and institutional communication. A person could describe his or her address as follows: “Come over to Prado Centre and find my virtual tag; that’s the building”. The virtual tag of a theatre could provide real-time information, such as showtimes, availability, and so on. Existing location-based services are framed on a similar concept, and with the latest technologies in 3G handsets and GNSS, these applications can be taken further to make these services more intuitive, interesting, and cost-effective. YTags (Yellow Tags), the winning idea of the region of Nice / Sophia Antipolis in the European Satellite Navigation Competition 2008, is a location-based virtual tagging platform that enables business and in- Yellow Tags Digital map data is today’s fuel for location-enabled applications. For database management, these points, lines, polygons, and associated attributes have data structures, additional data elements, and/or processing methods that make their data processing faster, less resource-intensive, and easier to manage/update in order to complete their transition to map data. These include: ❯ Spatial topology ❯ Geocoding ❯ Linear reference ❯ Dynamic segmentation ❯ Overlaying – Routing network data – Cartographic data Point & click metaphors in the real-world The YTags interface intuitively allows to place virtual tags and to assign hyperlinks e.g. to buildings. dividual users to setup visual-virtual tags like placeholders in the real world, providing an intuitive and experience-rich medium for locationbased information seekers and location-aware service providers. This vector-basedapplication makes it light and less demanding on resources and data traffic and works on GPS-enabled smart phones. YTags is oriented toward smartphone users, commercial players with location-specific interests, and those interested in user-generated content. With the increasing penetration of mobile Internet and growing LBS market, the scope for YTags is quite vast. YTags provides an easy-to-use and intuitive medium for applying the point-and-click metaphor to the real world. The intuitive interface allows users to set up virtual tags easily and assign hyperlinks. YTags can be used for a variety of purposes, such as acquiring information, submitting comments and recommendations, sharing interests, and providing real-time status information. In addition to these, YTags can make locationbased searching visual at almost no cost to service providers, as it is primarily based on user-generated content. www.ytags.net The core process to building a map Maps are built through sourcing, field collection, and continuous validation of the data. Sourcing is an efficient way to begin growth of coverage. NAVTEQ, © Stephen VanHorn - Fotolia.com for example, draws on thousands of data sources for its raw map data material. Key dimensions to successful sourcing include: ❯ Thousands of sources ❯ Robust supplier quality management ❯ Dedicated, large-scale production facilities ❯ Automated processing tools Sourcing is a start, but is not good enough. Sourcing has its limitations, including notorious variability in quality/accuracy and an inability to capture navigable attributes. That is why you need a local field staff, to develop and use: ❯ Local presence to create pride of ownership ❯ Relationships with local sources ❯ Sophisticated collection tech - nology Mercator made his maps on bed sheets; modern mapmakers use slightly more sophisticated tools and techniques. Key dimensions to successful field validation include the use of experienced field teams, advanced tools and technology, committed database investment, local ownership as well as eyes on the road. Auditing the build process In Mercator’s day, required precision could be measured in miles if not tens of miles. Nowadays, it is possible to build maps that are relatively accurate down to one meter. NAVTEQ ensures the accuracy of its map data by spending tens of thousands of hours and driving hundreds of thousands of miles each year for field validation and build auditing. www.navteq.com Structure and attributes of navigable maps NAVTEQ has a number of key map data dimensions, including: ❯ A unique, powerful structure ❯ A unique geodesic reference system (WGS 84) with longitude and latitude in decimal degrees (10 -5 ) ❯ Contiguous country borders ❯ Cross-border road networks ❯ Over 200 attributes 320,000,000 MILES, 380,000 SIMULATIONS AND ZERO TEST FLIGHTS LATER. Accelerating the pace of engineering and science THAT’S MODEL-BASED DESIGN. After simulating the final descent of the Mars Rovers under thousands of atmospheric disturbances, the engineering team developed and verified a fully redundant retro firing system to ensure a safe touchdown. The result – two successful autonomous landings that went exactly as simulated. To learn more, go to www.mathworks.com/mbd ©2008 The MathWorks, Inc.
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